Our group

Reinhart Koselleck-Project

Experimental studies on the coupling of reaction progress and permeability in interactions between water and rock

Applicant:    Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Bach
Funding: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) - Project number 222826231 / grant no. BA 1605/10-1
Application period: Funding since 2012

Project description

Interactions between water and rock play an essential role in the geosciences. On the one hand, they regulate the climate-determining mass exchange between the earth's crust and the oceans. On the other hand they influence hydraulic and rock mechanical properties and are therefore of great importance in applied geosciences. In these interactions, volume changes of the solid phases continuously modify the distribution of porosity and permeability in the rock. The rates at which the crucial dissolution and precipitation reactions take place, in turn depend very much on the distribution of porosity and permeability. Little is known about these feedbacks between reaction sequence and pore space distribution, and this has repeatedly emerged as a problem in the assessment and prediction of system behaviour in the geosciences. Here, experimental work is proposed in which the focus is on systematic studies of these feedbacks. Flow experiments are to be carried out at elevated pressures and temperatures on rock bodies with corrosive or supersaturated solutions. The reactions thus initiated modify the geometry of the pore space. These changes are imaged by computer tomography (µ-CT), while time series analyses of the fluid compositions deliver information on the development of thermodynamic and kinetic parameters. The knowledge gained in these experiments will be used to parameterize numerical models for the prediction of coupled flow and mass transport processes.



Work in the project

Installation of a laboratory for X-ray microtomography (µ-CT)

ProCon CT-ALPHA

We use a ProCon CT-ALPHA to non-destructively determine the spatial distribution of matter inside a sample. The method is based on the detection and localization of regions of different mass attenuation in the sample. Please find more information about the method on the website of our X-ray µ-CT laboratory.


Development of a new X-ray-transparent flow-through reaction cell for a μ-CT-based concomitant surveillance of the reaction progress of hydrothermal mineral–fluid interactions

Ongoing percolation experiment:the percolation cell is located inside the oven, the pump system, recharge- and discharge fluid storage, and the board with the flow line are installed on a mobile rack

A new flow-through reaction cell consisting of an X-ray-transparent semicrystalline thermoplastic has been developed for percolation experiments. Core holder, tubing and all confining parts are constructed using PEEK (polyetheretherketone) to allow concomitant surveillance of the reaction progress by X-ray microtomography (μ-CT). On the left: photograph of an ongoing percolation experiment: the percolation cell is located inside the oven, recharge- and discharge fluids are connected by PEEK capillary tubing. The pump system, recharge- and discharge fluid storage, and the board with the flow line are installed on a mobile rack. To facilitate the transfer of the percolation experiment from the oven laboratory to the X-ray microtomography laboratory for scanning, the mobile rack is equipped with an uninterruptible power supply; On the right: photograph of the assembled cell, with PEEK tubing 1/1600 (1.60 mm) O.D. attached. Figure is modified after:
Kahl et al., (2016; see below).


Combination of experimental simulation and µ-CT survey

4-D series of a percolation experiment

4-D series of the conversion from gypsum to anhydrite (77 days at 110 °C, fluid pressure 45 bar (4.5 MPa) with gypsum-saturated fluid). In the course of the experiment, the gypsum single crystal (artificially fissured for fluid permeability) has almost completely converted to acicular anhydrite. A 3D model of the final stage shows the last remains of gypsum near flow-in. Figure taken from:
Kahl, W.-A., Hansen, C., and Bach, W. (2016) A new X-ray-transparent flow-through reaction cell for a μ-CT-based concomitant surveillance of the reaction progress of hydrothermal mineral–fluid interactions. Solid Earth, 7, 651-658. |  doi:10.5194/se-7-651-2016 |


Crystal surface reactivity analysis of marble in a perforated PEEK chamber within the flow cell in a flow-through experiment

Crystal surface reactivity analysis of marble in a perforated PEEK chamber

Visualization of (A) the perforated PEEK chamber for sample assembly in a flow-through experiment with marble; (B) bottom-view of sample; (C) section through volume reconstruction. Image sequence of a single reconstructed slice (D) visualizes the surface retreat (overlay) of calcite by comparison of the unreacted (top: initial) vs. reacted (bottom: final) state of the experiment. The view is down the central hole of the sample. Figure is modified after:
Kahl et al., (accepted; see below).


Quantitative 3-D digital image analysis to determine reaction progress by a X-ray µ-CT survey

Quantitative 3-D digital image analysis to determine reaction progress by µ-CT

Determination of surface retreat and rate map calculations from µ-CT volume data. (A) Material loss in the course of the flow-through experiment; (B) Principle of distance measures between initial and final mineral surface; (C) The conversion of a surface distance map into a rate map (µm/h) is achieved by division of surface retreat by reaction time. Figure is modified after:
Kahl et al., (accepted; see below)


Crystal surface reactivity analysis using a combined approach of X-ray micro-computed tomography (µ-CT) and vertical scanning interferometry (VSI)

Combined approach of X-ray micro-computed tomography (µ-CT) and vertical scanning interferometry (VSI) to analyse crystal surface reactivity

Characterization of the dissolution rate variability covering the nm- to mm-scale of dissolving single-crystal and polycrystalline calcite samples. (A) µ-CT-derived ratemap after 54 days of percolation experiment; (B) Spatial variability of the frequency distribution of dissolution rates derived from a µ-CT survey covering 5.5 mm of marble surface; (C) Spatial variability of the frequency distribution of dissolution rates in a VSI experiment; (D) Compilation of calcite single-crystal and polycrystalline calcite dissolution rate variability from µ-CT and VSI observations. Figure is modified after:
Kahl, W.-A., Yuan, T., Bollermann, T., Bach, W., Fischer, C. (2020) Crystal surface reactivity analysis using a combined approach of X-ray micro-computed tomography and vertical scanning interferometry. American Journal of Science, 320(1), 27-52. |  doi: 10.2475/01.2020.03 |


3-D microstructure of olivine in deserpentinized ultramafic rocks reconstructed by correlative X-ray μ-CT and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analyses

Correlative μ-CT- and EBSD analyses of the 3-D microstructure of olivine

Correlative μ-CT- and EBSD analyses of the 3-D microstructure of olivine. (A) Granular and spinifex olivine form as two different mineral growth types upon dehydration of serpentinite; (B) Semi-destructive approach of correlative μ-CT- and EBSD analyses; (C) Correlation of μ-CT and EBSD data to facilitate proper correlation of orientation information; (D) Characterisation of olivine microfabric and shape by µ-CT, and crystal orientations by EBSD. Figure is modified after:
Kahl et al., (2017; see below).


Characterisation of the 3-D microstructure of olivine as primary reaction product of deserpentinisation by digital image analysis

Characterisation of the 3-D microstructure of olivine by digital image analysis

Digital image analysis to characterise the microstructure of granofels and spinifex olivine by combined shape and crystallographic orientation. (A) Local thickness map (i.e. a colour-coded representation of the structural thickness) of one slice of the data volume; (B) 3-D models of granular (rendered white) and spinifex olivine; (C) Visualisation of feature extraction by removing the granular olivine crystals; (D,E) Characterisation of the microstructure of spinifex olivine by combined shape and crystallographic orientation in samples AL14-08 (D) and AL14-11 (E). Figure is modified after:
Kahl, W.-A., Dilissen, N., Hidas, K., Garrido, C. J., López-Sánchez-Vizcaíno, V. and Román-Alpiste, M. J. (2017): 3-D microstructure of olivine in complex geological materials reconstructed by correlative X-ray µ-CT and EBSD analyses. Journal of Microscopy 268, 193-207. |  doi:10.1111/jmi.12598 |


Textural evolution during high-pressure dehydration of serpentinite to peridotite and its relation to stress orientations and kinematics of subducting slabs

Textural evolution during high-pressure dehydration of serpentinite to peridotite

The correlative X-ray micro-computed tomography (μ-CT) and Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) study of oriented samples across the Atg-serpentinite dehydration isograd of the Almirez massif provides a detailed account of the textural evolution during high-P serpentinite dehydration to peridotite. Crystallization of granofels and spinifex Chl-harzburgite records, respectively, a sequence of slow and fast fluid draining events during serpentinite dehydration under the same orientation of the principal stresses that resulted in the Atg-serpentinite shear deformation. The ESE–WNW oxide aggregate lineation of spinifex and granofels Chl-harzburgites and the [001]Ol platelet lineation of the spinifex tabular olivines subparallel to σ2 could mark the along strike paleoflow direction of fluids below the Atg-out dehydration front. Figure is modified after:
Dilissen, N., Hidas, K., Garrido, C. J., Kahl, W.-A., Sánchez-Vizcaíno, V. C., Padrón-Navarta, J. A. (2018) Textural evolution during high-pressure dehydration of serpentinite to peridotite and its relation to stress orientations and kinematics of subducting slabs: Insights from the Almirez ultramafic massif. Lithos, 320-321, 470-489. |  doi: 10.1016/j.lithos.2018.09.033 |


Investigators

Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Bach (e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
Dr. Wolf-Achim Kahl (e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)

Karin Los


AG Petrology of the Ocean Crust

Room 5300

Department of Geosciences
University of Bremen
Klagenfurter Straße 2
28359 Bremen
Germany

Phone: +49 421 218 65406
Fax: +49 421 218 65429
Email: karin.los@uni-bremen.de
Karin Los


Research theme

Massive sulphides deposits are found in the vicinity of mid-ocean ridges. These are thought to be formed when metasomatic fluids from the oceanic crust come into contact with fresh ocean water. At mixing, sulphate minerals such as anhydrite and barite precipitate quickly. Later, upon cooling, these minerals dissolve and metal-bearing sulphides are formed. The aim of my study is to investigate this replacement reaction and shed light on the hydrothermal formation of massive sulphide deposits. I will try to give more insight in the coupling between mineral replacement and rock porosity and permeability, by looking at the sulphate-sulphide mineral system.

This project is part of the Marie Curie ITN program ABYSS.



Scientific career

  • 2009 - 2012: B.Sc. Earth Sciences at Utrecht University
    • 2010: Erasmus exchange program at the Autonomous University of Barcelona (6 months)
    • 2012: Bachelor thesis: "Exploring the potential of liquidus spinel as indicator of magma sources in the mantle"
  • 2012 - 2014: M.Sc. Earth Science at Utrecht University
    • 2014: Master thesis: "Feldspar replacement reactions by interface-coupled dissolution-precipitation: a case study from the Larvik Plutonic Complex, SE-Norway"
  • 2014 - 2017: Ph.D. student at the research group "Petrology of the ocean crust" at Bremen University
    • November 2017: Dr. rer. nat. in Geosciences



Publications

  • Giampouras M, Garrido GC, Bach W, Los C, Fussmann D, Monien P, Garcia-Ruiz JM (2020): On the controls of mineral assemblages and textures in alkaline springs, Samail Ophiolite, Oman. Chemical Geology 533, 119435.
    | doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2019.119435 |
  • Los C, Bach W (2018): Sulfidation of major rock types of the oceanic lithosphere; an experimental study at 250 °C and 400 bars. Lithos 323, 208-217.
    | doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2018.02.006 |
  • Plümper O, Botan A, Los C, Liu Y, Malthe-Sorenssen Anders, Jamtveit B (2017): Fluid-driven metamorphism of the continental crust governed by nanoscale fluid flow. Nature Geoscience 10, 685-690.
    | doi:10.1038/ngeo3009 |



Conference Abstracts

  • Los CL, Kahl W-A, Bach W (2017): Length scales of reactive transport in basalt: Hydrothermal flow-through experiments and anhydrite precipitation. AGU Fall Meeting 2017, New Orleans, United States.
  • Giampouras M, Garcia-Ruiz JM, Bach W, Garrido CJ, Los CL, Fußmann D, Monien P (2017): Effect of hydrochemistry on mineral precipitation and textural diversity in serpentinization-driven alkaline environments; Insights from thermal springs in the Oman Ophiolite. AGU Fall Meeting 2017, New Orleans, United States.
  • Los CL, Kahl W-A, Bach W (2017): Reactive transport in basalt: sulfate precipitation in flow-through experiments. GeoBremen 2017, Bremen, Germany.
  • Los CL, Hansen C, Bach W (2017): Sulphidation of the oceanic lithosphere: an experimental approach. European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2017, Vienna, Austria.
  • Giampouras M, Garcia-Ruiz JM, Bach W, Garrido CJ, Los CL, Fussmann D, Monien P (2017): Mineral textures in serpentine-hosted alkaline springs from the Oman ophiolite. European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2017, Vienna, Austria.
  • Los CL, Bach W, Plümper O (2016): Replacive sulfide formation in anhydrite chimneys from the Pacmanus hydrothermal field, Papua New Guinea. European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2016, Vienna, Austria (Poster).
  • Los CL, Hansen C, Bach W (2016): Sulphidation of serpentinite at 250 °C and 400 bars: an experimental approach to seafloor alteration. Serpentine Days, Sète, France (Poster).
  • Los CL, Kahl W-A, Plümper O, Bach W (2016): Formation of replacive sulphide in anhydrite chimneys. DMG Meeting 2016 Geochemistry-Petrology-Petrophysics, Bremen, Germany.



Florian Schmid


AG Petrology of the Ocean Crust

Room 5300

Department of Geosciences
University of Bremen
Klagenfurter Straße 2
28359 Bremen
Germany

Phone: +49 421 218 65406
Fax: +49 421 218 65429
Email: Schmid@uni-bremen.de
Florian Schmid


Research Focus

I am a marine geoscientist with a strong interest in active tectonic, magmatic and hydrothermal processes that accompany the formation of new oceanic lithosphere. My strongest tool is the investigation of microearthquakes at mid-ocean ridges on the basis of records from ocean bottom seismometer installations. By studying these earthquakes we cannot only learn something about active processes but they also provide the opportunity to illuminated the compositional and rheological structure of young oceanic lithosphere.



Scientific Career

  • 2007-2011: B. Sc. studies of Geosciences at the University of Bremen
  • 2011: Employment as geoscientist at Fugro OSAE, Bremen (9 months)
  • 2011-2013: M.Sc. studies of Geosciences at the University of Bremen
    • 2015 (Jul-Oct): Visiting scientist at the Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation funded through a DAAD scholarship
  • 2014-2017: Researcher (PhD student) at the Alfred-Wegner-Institute, Helmholtz-Centre for Polar- and Marine Research, Bremerhaven
  • 2017 until present: Postdoctoral Researcher at the MARUM Research Centre for Marine Environmental Sciences, Bremen



Participation in Research Expeditions and Field Campaigns

  • 2010: Exp. ARK-XXV/3 to the Baffin Bay with RV Polarstern
  • 2012: Exp. MD196 to the Southwestern Indian Ocean with the french RV Marion Durfesne
  • 2013: Exp. MSM-25 to the Southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge with RV Maria S. Merian
  • 2013: Exp. ANT-XXIX/8 to the Southwest Indian Ridge with RV Polarstern
  • 2014: Exp. ANT-XXVII/3 to the Aurora Seamount (Arctic Ocean) with RV Polarstern
  • 2015: Seismological field campaign at the Klyuchevskoy group of volcanoes, Kamchatka Peninsula
  • 2017: Exp. to the Ross Sea, Antarctica with the South Korean RV Araon
  • 2017: Seismological expedition MSM-68 to the Knipovich Ridge, North Atlantic with RV Maria S. Merian



Publications

Articles (peer reviewed)

  • Schmid F, Schlindwein V, Koulakov I, Plötz A, Scholz JR (2017): Magma plumbing system and seismicty of an active mid-ocean ridge volcano. Scientific Reports 7, 42949.
    | doi:10.1038/srep42949 |
  • Schmid F, Schlindwein V (2016): Microearthquake activity, lithospheric structure, and deformation modes at an amagmatic ultraslow spreading Southwest Indian Ridge segment. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 17(7), 2905-2921.
    | doi:10.1002/2016GC006271 |
  • Schlindwein V, Schmid F (2016): Mid-ocean ridge seismicity reveals extreme types of ocean lithosphere. Nature 535, 276-279.
    | doi:10.1038/nature18277 |
  • Schlindwein V, Demuth A, Korger E, Läderach C, Schmid F (2015): Seismicity of the Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge system. Polar Science 9(1), 146-157.
    | doi:10.1016/j.polar.2014.10.001 |

Monographs

  • Schmid F (2017): Magmatic versus amagmatic – a study of local seismicity and lithospheric structure at two contrasting Southwest Indian Ridge segments. PhD Thesis, University of Bremen.
    | Download |

Conference Abstracts

  • Schmid F, Schlindwein V (2018): Lithospheric strength, thermal structure and potential mode of deformation at a magma-poor segment of the ultraslow opening Southwest Indian Ridge. EGU 2018 Assembly, Vienna, Austria.
  • Schlindwein V, Krüger F, Schmid F, Schmidt-Aursch M, Wojtek C, Tomasz J (2018): KNIPAS – exploring active seafloor spreading processes at segment-scale. EGU 2018 Assembly, Vienna, Austria.
  • Schmid F, Schlindwein V (2017): Implications of deep-reaching serpentinization for the deformation mode at the ultraslow opening Southwest Indian Ridge. IODP Magellan Plus Workshop, Bergen, Norway.
  • Schmid F, Schlindwein V (2017): Implications of deep-reaching serpentinization for the deformation mode at ultraslow opening mid-ocean ridges. DGG Jahrestagung 2017, Potsdam, Germany.
  • Schmid F, Schlindwein V (2016): Microseismicity reveals extreme types of oceanic lithosphere, deep reaching fluid circulation and active diking at the Southwest Indian Ridge. AGU Fall Meeting 2016, San Francisco, United States.
  • Schmid F, Koulakov I, Schlindwein V (2016): From mantle to crust: Tomographic image of a mid-ocean ridge volcano. EGU 2016 Assembly, Vienna, Austria.



Elmar Albers


AG Petrology of the Ocean Crust

Room 5320

Department of Geosciences
University of Bremen
Klagenfurter Straße 2
28359 Bremen
Germany

Phone: +49 421 218 65409
Fax: +49 421 218 65429
Email: e.albers@uni-bremen.de

ORCID: 0000-0002-0874-5926
Link to Research Gate
Link to Google Scholar
Elmar Albers


Research Interests

Interested in fluid–rock interactions at MOR, seamount, and shallow subduction settings, my work mainly focusses on physical & chemical consequences related to the hydrothermal alteration of mafic & ultramafic rocks.

My current DFG project is concerned with serpentinization, redox conditions, and metabolic energy production within shallow portions of subduction zones in order to shed light on carbon cycling and chemosynthetic life associated with modern & ancient serpentinite mud volcanism.

I am invited to sail IODP Exp. 393: South Atlantic Transect in 2022.



Expeditions

  • 09.09.2016 - 23.10.2016: PS101 / ARK XXX-3: Karasik seamount (Gakkel Ridge, Arctic Ocean) at 86°N 60°E; Tromsø (Norway) - Bremerhaven
  • 08.12.2016 - 07.02.2017: IODP Exp. 366: Mariana forearc region; Guam (US) - Hongkong (China)
  • 06.03.2020 - 22-04.2020: SO273: Marion Rise, Southwest Indian Ridge; Cape Town (South Africa) – Emden (Germany)

  • Spring 2022 (scheduled): Fieldwork in the Coast Ranges (CA, United States)
  • 07.06.2022 - 07.08.2022 (scheduled): IODP Exp. 393: South Atlantic Transect; Montevideo (Uruguay) - Montevideo (Uruguay)



Scientific Career

  • 2008 - 2011: B.Sc. Geociences at Bremen University
    • 2010: Exchange semester at Háskóli Íslands, Iceland
    • 2011: Bachelor thesis: "The development of a polar South Pacific biofluctiation stratigraphy based on the radiolarian Cycladophora davisiana" (AWI Bremerhaven)
  • 2011 - 2014: M.Sc. Marine Geosciences at Bremen University
    • 2014: Master thesis: "Petrological investigations of peridotite xenoliths occuring in a tephriphonolite lava from La Palma (Canary Islands)"
  • 2015 - 2019: Ph.D. student at the research group "Petrology of the Ocean Crust" at Bremen University
    • February 2019: Dr. rer. nat. in Geosciences
  • 2019 - 2021: Post-doctoral researcher in the group „Geophysics–Geodynamics“ at the University of Bremen
  • since 2022: Post-doctoral researcher in the group „Petrology of the Ocean Crust“ at the University of Bremen



Publications

  • German CR, Reeves EP, Türke A, Diehl A, Albers E, Bach W, Purser A, Ramalho SP, Suman S, Mertens C, Walter M, Ramirez-Llodra E, Schlindwein V, Bünz S, Boetius A (2022): Volcanically hosted venting with indications of ultramafic influence at Aurora hydrothermal field on Gakkel Ridge. Nature Communications 13, 6517.
    | doi:10.1038/s41467-022-34014-0 |
  • Albers E, Shervais JW, Hansen CT, Ichiyama Y, Fryer P (2022): Shallow depth, substantial change: fluid-metasomatism causes major compositional modifications of subducted volcanics (Mariana forearc). Frontiers in Earth Science - Petrology 10:826312.
    | doi:10.3389/feart.2022.826312 |
  • Klügel A, Albers E, Hansteen, TH (2022): Mantle and crustal xenoliths in a tephriphonolite from La Palma (Canary Islands): implications for phonolite formation at oceanic island volcanoes. Frontiers in Earth Science - Volcanology 10:761902.
    | doi:10.3389/feart.2022.761902 |
  • Geilert S, Albers E, Frick DA, Hansen CT, von Blankenburg F (2021): Systematic changes in serpentine Si isotope signatures across the Mariana forearc – a new proxy for slab dehydration processes. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 575, 117193.
    | doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2021.117193 |
  • Albers E, Bach W, Pérez-Gussinyé M, McCammon C, Frederichs T (2021): Serpentinization-driven H2 production from continental break-up to mid-ocean ridge spreading: Unexpected high rates at the West Iberia margin. Front. Earth Sci. 9:673063.
    | doi:10.3389/feart.2021.673063 |
  • Albers E, Kahl W-A, Beyer L, Bach W (2020): Variant across-forearc compositions of slab-fluids recorded by serpentinites: Implications on the mobilization of FMEs from an active subduction zone (Mariana forearc). Lithos 364-365, 105525.
    | doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2020.105525 |
  • Fryer P, Wheat CG, Williams T, Kelley C, Johnson K, Ryan J, Kurz W, Shervais J, Albers E, Bekins B, Debret B, Deng J, Dong Y, Eickenbusch P, Frery E, Ichiyama Y, Johnston R, Kevorkian R, Magalhaes V, Mantovanelli S, Menapace W, Menzies C, Michibayashi K, Moyer C, Mullane K, Park J-W, Price R, Sissmann O, Suzuki S, Takai K, Walter B, Zhang R, Amon D, Glickson D, Pomponi S (2020): Mariana serpentinite mud volcanism exhumes subducted seamount materials: implications for the origin of life. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A 378(2165), 20180425.
    | doi:10.1098/rsta.2018.0425 |
  • Albers E, Bach W, Klein F, Menzies CD, Lucassen F, Teagle DAH (2019): Fluid–rock interactions in the shallow Mariana forearc: carbon cycling and redox conditions. Solid Earth 10, 907-930.
    | doi:10.5194/se-10-907-2019 |
  • Albers E, Schroeder T, Bach W (2019): Melt-impregnation of mantle peridotite facilitates high-temperature hydration and mechanical weakening: implications for oceanic detachment faults. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 20(1), 84-108.
    | doi:10.1029/2018GC007783 |
  • Debret B, Albers E, Walter B, Price R, Barnes JD, Beunon H, Facq S, Gillikin DP, Mattielli N, Williams H (2019): Shallow forearc mantle dynamics and geochemistry: New insights from the IODP expedition 366. Lithos 326-327, 230-245.
    | doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2018.10.038 |
  • Fryer P, Wheat CG, Williams T, Albers E, Bekins B, Debret BPR, Deng J, Dong Y, Eickenbusch P, Frery EA, Ichiyama Y, Johnson K, Jonston RM, Kevorkian RT, Kurz W, Magalhaes V, Mantovanelli SS, Menapace W, Menzies CD, Michibayashi K, Moyer C, Mullane KK, Park J-W, Price RE, Ryan JG, Shervais JW, Sissmann OJ, Suzuki S, Takai K, Walter B and Zhang R (2018): Expedition 366 summary, in: Fryer P, Wheat CG, Williams T and the Expedition 366 Scientists, Mariana Convergent Margin and South Chamorro Seamount. Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program 366, College Station (TX).
    | doi:10.14379/iodp.proc.366.101.2018 |
  • Walter M, Albers E, Bäger J, Diehl A, German C, Hand KP, Horn M, Köhler J, McDermott J, Molari M, Steinmacher B, Wegener G, Wischnewski L, Mertens C, Sültenfuß J, Hoppmann M, Damm E, Bach W, Seewald J (2017): Physical oceanography and biogeochemistry of hydrothermal plumes, in: Boetius A, Purser A (eds.) The expedition PS101 of the Research Vessel POLARSTERN to the Arctic Ocean in 2016. Reports on Polar and Marine Research 706, 63–80.
    | doi:10.2312/BzPM_0706_2017 |
  • Diehl A, Albers E, German CR, Hand KP, Bach W (2017): Geology and hard rock petrology, in: Boetius A, Purser A (eds.) The expedition PS101 of the Research Vessel POLARSTERN to the Arctic Ocean in 2016. Reports on Polar and Marine Research 706, 41–50.
    | doi:10.2312/BzPM_0706_2017 |
  • Fryer P, Wheat G, Williams T, and the Expedition 366 Scientists (2017): Expedition 366 Preliminary Report: Mariana convergent margin and South Chamorro seamount, International Ocean Discovery Program.
    | doi:10.14379/iodp.pr.366.2017 |



Monographs



Conference Abstracts

  • Albers E, Bach W, Pérez-Gussinyé M, McCammon C, Frederichs T (2021): How much energy for life (H2) is generated by serpentinization at passive continental margins? EGU General Assembly, Vienna, Austria (vPICO presentation).
  • Albers E, Bach W, Pérez-Gussinyé M, McCammon C, Frederichs T (2021): Unexpected high amounts of H2 produced during serpentinization at magma-poor rifted margins. GeoKarlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany (Talk).
  • Albers E, Hansen CT, Shervais J, Ichiyama Y (2021): Fluid metasomatism in the cold nose of the Mariana subduction zone. GeoKarlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany (Poster).
  • Geilert S, Albers E, Frick DA, Hansen CT, von Blanckenburg F (2021): In-situ silicon isotopes in mantle wedge serpentinites - a new proxy for slab dehydration reactions. GeoKarlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany (Talk).
  • Albers E, Kahl W-A, Beyer L, Bach W (2019): Shallow subduction zone serpentinization traps fluid-mobile elements: implications for element mobilization from serpentinite mud volcanism (IODP Exp. 366). IODP/ICPD Colloquium, Cologne, Germany (Poster).
  • Albers E, Kahl W-A, Beyer L, Bach W (2019): Cycling of fluid-mobile elements in subduction zones: insights from serpentinite mud volcanism at the Mariana forearc (IODP Exp. 366). MARUM retreat, Visselhövede, Germany (Talk).
  • Albers E, Kahl W-A, Beyer L, Bach W (2019): Sources and sinks of fluid-mobile elements in an active subduction zone: insights from the Mariana forearc. ECORD Summer School 2019, Bremen, Germany (Talk).
  • Schlicht L, Albers E (2019): Expressions from IODP Expeditions 366 and 367. ECORD Summer School 2019, Bremen, Germany (Invited talk).
  • Albers E, Klein F, Bach W & the Expedition 366 Scientists (2018): Carbonate–silicate–sulfate veins in metavolcanic clasts recovered from serpentinite mud volcanoes in the Mariana forearc (IODP Exp. 366). EGU General Assembly, Vienna, Austria (Poster).
  • Menapace W, Albers E & the Expedition 366 Scientists (2018): IODP Expedition 366: Mariana convergent margin & South Chamorro seamount. IODP/ICPD Colloquium, Bochum, Germany (Invited talk).
  • Debret B, Mattielli N, Albers E, Walter B, Price R, Barnes J D, Beunon H, Williams H (2018): Role of the forearc in the geochemistry of subduction zones: new insights from the IODP Expedition 366. Goldschmidt Conference 2018, Boston, United States.
  • Albers E, Klein F, Bach W, and the Expedition 366 Scientists (2018): Carbon mobilisation in the shallow Mariana subduction zone: insights from IODP Exp. 366. EGU Galileo Conference, Leibnitz, Austria.
  • Menapace W, Albers E, and the Expedition 366 Scientists (2018): IODP Expedition 366: Mariana convergent margin & South Chamorro seamount. IODP/ICDP Colloquium, Bochum, Germany.
  • Albers E, Klein F, Bach W, and the Expedition 366 Scientists (2018): Carbonate–silicate–sulfate veins in metavolcanic clasts recovered from serpentinite mud volcanoes in the Mariana forearc (IODP Exp. 366). EGU General Assembly, Vienna, Austria (Poster).
  • Albers E & Exp. 366 Scientists (2017): IODP Exp. 366 to the Mariana forearc: blue mud from serpentinite mud volcanoes. GeoBremen 2017, Bremen, Germany.
  • Beyer L, Albers E, Kahl W-A, Bach W & Exp. 366 Scientists (2017): Polyphase alteration of ultramafic clasts from a serpentinite mud volcano (Mariana forearm) unveils shallow subduction zone processes. GeoBremen 2017, Bremen, Germany (Poster).
  • Albers E, Schroeder T, Bach W (2017): High-temperature hydration of melt impregnated lithospheric mantle in the 15°20’N F. Z. Area, MAR. Goldschmidt Conference 2017, Paris, France (Poster).
  • Marcon Y, Purser A, Diehl A, Albers E, Türke A, McDermott J, German C, Hand K, Schlindwein V, Dorschel B, Wegener G, Boetius A, Bach W (2017): Geological settings of hydrothermal vents at 6°15’W and 55°30’E on the Gakkel Ridge, Arctic Ocean. Goldschmidt Conference 2017, Paris, France (Poster).
  • McDermott J, Albers E, Bach W, Diehl A, German C, Hand K, Koehler J, Seewald J, Walter M, Wegener G, Wischnewski L (2017): Geochemistry, physics, and dispersion of a Gakkel Ridge hydrothermal plume, 87°N, 55°30’E. Goldschmidt Conference 2017, Paris, France (Poster).
  • Albers E, Bach W, Kahl W-A (2016): Ultramafic clasts from serpentine mud volcanoes (Mariana forearc). DMG Sektionstreffen Petrologie/ Petrophysik & Geochemie, Bremen, Germany (Poster).



Andreas Türke


AG Petrology of the Ocean Crust

Room 5350

Department of Geosciences
University of Bremen
Klagenfurter Straße 2
28359 Bremen
Germany

Phone: +49 421 218 65404
Fax: +49 421 218 65429
Email: atuerke@uni-bremen.de
Andreas Türke


Dissertation

Microbial life at the glass-palagonite interface

When basalt glass is exposed to oxygenated aqueous solutions, rims of palagonite form along fractures at the expense of glass. The flanks of mid-ocean ridges are the largest reservoir of basalt glass on Earth, and the flow of oxygenated seawater fluxed through these flanks is great. Hence, a large amount of palagonite form in this setting, but palagonitization is kinetically sluggish at the prevailing temperatures in flanks (< 25 °C), allowing chemolithoautotrophic microbes (i.e., those that fix CO2 by using inorganic energy sources of energy and electrons) to catalyze oxidation reactions of ferrous iron for catabolic energy gain. Tubular and granular alteration textures, present in basalt glass samples, both from modern and ancient rocks, are interpreted as trace fossils of endolithic microbes, chemically ‘drilling’ into fresh glass. We analyse alteration textures using geochemical, mineralogical and computer-tomographical methods, trying to unravel their origin, as well as interpreting bioenergetical regimes, created by elemental exchange in low-temperature alteration of basalt glass.



Expeditions

  • SO263: Northern Tonga Arc; Suva (Fidji) - Suva (Fidji)
  • SO253: Kermadec Arc; Nouméa (New Caledonia) - Auckland (New Zealand)
  • PS86 / ARK XXIII-3: Aurora sea mount in the Arctic Ocean at 82°N, 6°W; Tromsø (Norway) - Tromsø



Scientific career

  • 2008 - 2011: Bachelorstudent of Geoscience at the University of Bremen
    • 2011: Bachelor thesis: "Bioalteration of basaltic glasses from DSDP Leg 45 Site 395 Hole 395A from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge"
  • 2011 - 2013: Masterstudent of Marine Geoscience at the University of Bremen
    • 2013: Master thesis: "Change in microbial metabolism in aging ridge flank basement of North Pond, IODP Expedition 336, induced by chemical exchange in low temperature alteration?"
  • 2013 - 2016: Ph.D. student at the research group "Petrology of the Ocean Crust", at the University of Bremen
    • November 2016: Dr. rer. nat. in Geoscience



Publications

  • German CR, Reeves EP, Türke A, Diehl A, Albers E, Bach W, Purser A, Ramalho SP, Suman S, Mertens C, Walter M, Ramirez-Llodra E, Schlindwein V, Bünz S, Boetius A (2022): Volcanically hosted venting with indications of ultramafic influence at Aurora hydrothermal field on Gakkel Ridge. Nature Communications 13, 6517.
    | doi:10.1038/s41467-022-34014-0 |
  • Neuholz R, Schnetger B, Kleint C, Koschinsky A, Lettmann K, Sander S, Türke A, Walter M, Zitoun R, Brumsack H-J (2020): Near-field hydrothermal plume dynamics at Brothers Volcano (Kermadec Arc): A short-lived radium isotope study. Chemical Geology 533, 119379
    | doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2019.119379 |
  • Weisenberger TB, Gudmundsson MT, Jackson MD, Gorny CF, Türke A, Kleine BI, Marshall B, Jørgensen SL, Marteinsson VT, Stefánsson A, White JDL, Barich A, Bergsten P, Bryce JG, Couper S, Fahnestock MF, Franzson H, Grimaldi C, Groh M, Gudmundsson Á, Gunnlaugsson ÁT, Hamelin C, Högnadóttir T, Jonasson K, Jónsson SS, Klonowski A, Kück J, Magnússon RL, Massey E, McPhie J, Ólafsson ES, Onstad SL, Prause S, Perez V, Rhodes JM, Snorrason SP (2019): Operational Report for the 2017 Surtsey Underwater volcanic System for Thermophiles, Alteration processes and INnovative concretes (SUSTAIN) drilling project at Surtsey Volcano, Iceland. GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, 240 p.
    | doi:10.2312/ICDP.5059.001 |
  • Jackson MD, Gudmundsson MT, Weisenberger TB, Rhodes JM, Stefánsson A, Kleine BI, Lippert PC, Marquardt JM, Reynolds HI, Kück J, Marteinsson VT, Vannier P, Bach W, Barich A, Bergsten P, Bryce JG, Cappelletti P, Couper S, Fahnestock MF, Gorny CF, Grimaldi C, Groh M, Gudmundsson Á, Gunnlaugsson ÁT, Hamlin C, Högnadóttir T, Jónasson K, Jónsson SS, Jørgensen SL, Klonowski AM, Marshall B, Massey E, McPhie J, Moore JG, Ólafsson ES, Onstad SL, Perez V, Prause S, Snorrason SP, Türke A, White JDL, Zimanowski B (2019): SUSTAIN drilling at Surtsey volcano, Iceland, tracks hydrothermal and microbiological interactions in basalt 50 years after eruption. Sci. Dril. 25, 35-46.
    | doi:10.5194/sd-25-35-2019 |
  • Türke A, Jackson MS, Bach W, Kahl W-A, Grzybowski B, Marshall B, Gudmundsson MT, Jørgensen SL (2019): Design of the subsurface observatory at Surtsey volcano, Iceland. Sci. Dril. 25, 57-62.
    | doi:10.5194/sd-25-57-2019 |
  • Türke A, Ménez B, Bach W (2018): Comparing biosignatures in aged basalt glass from North Pond, Mid-Atlantic Ridge and the Louisville Seamount Trail, off New Zealand. PLoS ONE 13(2), e0190053.
    |  doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0190053 |
  • Jackson MD, Gudmundsson MT, Bach W, Cappelletti P, Coleman NJ, Ivarsson M, Jónasson K, Jørgensen SL, Marteinsson V, McPhie J, Moor JG, Nielson D, Rhodes JM, Rispoli C, Schiffman P, Stefánsson A, Türke A, Vanorio T, Weisenberger TB, White JDL, Zierenberg R, Zimanowski B (2015): Time-lapse characterization of hydrothermal seawater and microbial interactions with basaltic tephra at Surtsey Volcano. Sci. Drill., 3, 1-8.
    | doi:10.5194/sd-3-1-2015 |
  • Türke A, Bach W, Nakamura K (2015): Palagonitization of basalt glass in the flanks of mid-ocean ridges: Implications for the bioenergetics of oceanic intracrustal ecosystems. Astrobiology 15(10), 793-803.
    | doi:10.1089/ast.2014.1255  |
  • Türke A, Bach W, Mehmood MS (2014): X-ray fluorescence scanning of sediment cores from Holes U1382B, U1383D, U1384A, and 1074A from the North Pond area. Proc. IODP, Exp. 336.
    | doi:10.2204/iodp.proc.336.202.2014 |
  • Lazarus D, Barron J, Renaudie J, Diver P, Türke A (2014): Cenozoic planktonic marine diatom diversity and correlation to climate change. PLoS One 9(1), e84857.
    | doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0084857 |



Conference Abstracts

  • Türke A, Jackson MD, Bach W, Kahl W-A, Jørgensen SL, Gudmundsson MT (2019): Design and implementation of a submarine borehole observatory at Surtsey Volcano, Iceland. EGU Meeting 2019, Vienna, Austria (Poster).
  • Walter M, Türke A, Thal J, Sültenfuß J, Neuholz R, Schnetger B, de Ronde C, Walker S (2019): Noble gas isotopes at the Kermadec arc. EGU Meeting 2019, Vienna, Austria (Poster).
  • Dede B, Zitou R, Sander, Thal J, Türke A, Walter M, Amann R, Meyerdierks A (2018): Characterization of the microbial communities in hydrothermal plumes of the Kermadec Arc. ISME, Leipzig, Germany (Poster).
  • Neuholz R, Schnetger B, Walker SL, Walter M, Türke A, Brumsack H-J (2018): The Use of Short-Lived Radium Isotopes at Submarine Hydrothermal VentsThe Use of Short-Lived Radium Isotopes at Submarine Hydrothermal Vents. Goldschmidt Conference, Boston, United States (Poster).
  • Türke A, Ménez B & Bach W (2018): Comparing Biosignatures in Aged Basalt Glass from North Pond, Mid-Atlantic Ridge and the Louisville Seamount Trail, off New Zealand. Goldschmidt Conference, Boston, United States.
  • Jackson MD, Gudmundsson MT, Bach W, Türke A, Jørgensen S, Weisenberger T, Couper S, Lippert P, Marteinsson VÞ, Stefánsson A, Zimanowsk B, Capelletti P (2018): ICDP SUSTAIN drilling at Surtsey Volcano: A time-lapse drill core record and hydrothermal borehole observatory in basalt 50 years after eruption. EGU Meeting 2018, Vienna, Austria.
  • Türke A (2018): Subsurface Observatory at Surtsey, SUSTAIN Drilling Project. IODP/ICDP Colloquium, Bochum, Germany (Talk).
  • Kahl W-A, Türke A, Bach W (2017): Assessing microbial, mineralogical, and hydrothermal processes in the ICDP borehole on Surtsey: a combined observatory and experimental approach. GeoBremen 2017, Bremen, Germany (Poster).
  • Türke A, Bach W, Köhler J, Mertens C, Walter M (2017): Dissolved-particulate exchange in the proximal hydrothermal plume at the Aurora vent field, Gakkel Ridge, Arctic Ocean. GeoBremen 2017, Bremen, Germany.
  • Marcon Y, Purser A, Diehl A, Albers E, Türke A, McDermott J, German C, Hand K, Schlindwein V, Dorschel B, Wegener G, Boetius A, Bach W (2017): Geological settings of hydrothermal vents at 6°15’W and 55°30’E on the Gakkel Ridge, Arctic Ocean. Goldschmidt Conference 2017, Paris, France (Poster).
  • Türke A, Bach W, Boetius A, Diehl A, German C, Köhler J, Mertens C, Monien P, Prause S, Sueltenfuss J (2017): Dissolved-particulate exchange in the proximal hydrothermal plume at the Aurora Vent Field, Gakkel Ridge, Arctic Ocean. Goldschmidt Conference 2017, Paris, France (Poster).
  • Bach W, Kahl W-A, Türke A (2017): Rates and processes of tephra alteration in Surtsey volcano: a combined observational and experimental approach. IODP/ICDP Kolloquium, Braunschweig, Germany (Poster).
  • Türke A, Ménez B, Bach W (2016): Comparing biosignatures from North Pond, Mid-Atlantic Ridge and the Louisville Seamount Chain, off New Zealand. IODP/ICDP Kolloquium, Heidelberg, Germany (Poster).
  • Türke A, Ménez B, Bach W (2016): Comparing biosignatures from North Pond, Mid-Atlantic Ridge and the Louisville Seamount Chain, off New Zealand. EGU Meeting 2016, Vienna, Austria (Poster).
  • Türke A, Bach W, Nakamura K (2015): Palagonitization of basalt glass in the flanks of mid-ocean ridges: implications for bioenergetics of oceanic intracrustal ecosystems. Goldschmidt Conference 2015, Prague, Czech Republic (Poster).
  • Bach W, Rouxel O, Nakamura K, Türke A, Klügel A (2015): A geochemical budget of 8 Myrs of oxidative ocean basement alteration. Goldschmidt Conference 2015, Prague, Czech Republic (Poster).
  • Türke A, Bach W (2015): Palagonitization of basalt glass in the flanks of mid-ocean ridges: implications for bioenergetics of oceanic intracrustal ecosystems. Joint IODP/ICDP colloquium, Bonn, Germany (Poster).
  • Boetius A, Bach W, Borowski C, Diehl A, German CR, Kaul NE, Koehler J, Marcon Y, Mertens C, Molari M, Schlindwein VSN, Türke A, Wegener G, and Science Party of RV POLARSTERN Expedition Aurora PS86 (2014): Exploring the habitability of Ice-covered waterworlds: The deep-sea hydrothermal system of the Aurora Mount at Gakkel Ridge, Arctic Ocean (82°54’ N, 6°15W, 3900 m). American Geoscience Union, Fall Meeting 2014, San Francisco, United States.
  • Türke A, Bach W (2014): Microbial life at the glass-palagonite interface. ICDP-Workshop, Surtsey, Iceland (Poster).
  • Türke A, Bach W, Klügel A (2014): Hydrogen production by radiolysis in ridge flank systems: an experimental approach. DMG-Meeting, Hanover, Germany.
  • Türke A, Bach W, Kahl W-A, Klügel A (2014): Palagonitization of basalt glass in the flanks of mid-ocean ridges: impications for bioenergetics of oceanic intracrustal ecosystems. 4th Nordic Astrobiology Conference, Bergen, Norway.
  • Bach W, Kahl W-A, Jöns N, Türke A, Plümper, O (2013): Rocky Constraints on Catabolic Energy Supply in the Subseafloor. Goldschmidt Conference 2013, Florence, Italy.
  • Türke A, Bach W, Kahl W-A, Klügel A (2013): Palagonitization of basalt glass in the flanks of mid-ocean ridges: impications for bioenergetics of oceanic intracrustal ecosystem. DMG/GV Meeting, Tubingen, Germany.
  • Türke A (2011): Bioalteration basaltischer Gläser vom Mittelatlantischen Rücken. Section Meeting DMG Petrology and Petrophysics, Bochum, Germany.



  1. Richard Jason Antonio
  2. Lucy Schlicht
  3. Petra Witte
  4. Solveig Bühring

Additional information